From having followed these threads on Rav4 fuel economy for nearly 18 months, I am convinced that the #1 cause of poor fuel economy in the R4H and R4P is excessive speed, with #2 being low tire pressure and inefficient driving habits that don't make optimum use of the regen braking abilities of the Hybrid Synergy Drive powertrain. I've tested my R4P in Hybrid mode over a range of driving speeds on several long road trips, and what I've seen in this curve:
35 mph = 52 mpg
40 mpg = 50 mpg
45 mph = 48 mpg
50 mph = 46 mpg
55 mph = 44 mpg
60 mph = 42 mpg
65 mph = 39 mpg
70 mph = 34 mpg
75 mph = 28 mpg
80 mph = 22 mpg
My usual speed on long road trips is 55 mph: this is usually fast enough to get me where I need to go, and the ICE engine is operating in it's most efficient power band at that speed. Cars like the Rav4, the Highlander, and the Sienna (which all share the A25A-FXS engine and P-810 transaxle), have the aerodynamics of a cinder block on wheels, and the speed>fuel economy curve proves this. Compare to the Camry Hybrid, which gets 51 mpg at 60 mph, with the A25A-FXS engine and P-710 transaxle, and you can really see my point here. You can't complain if your Rav4 is only getting 25 mpg, and your normal freeway driving speed is 75 to 80, which is what I typically observe here in Sacramento.
To maximize efficiency on surface streets, keep your speed below 45. Anticipate red traffic lights well in advance, so you decelerate gently and avoid using the friction brakes until you are below 8 mph. On the freeway, when approaching a mountain pass, use most of what's in the traction battery in EV mode on the flat as you approach a hill climb, then climb the hill in HV mode, then switch back to EV mode on the downgrade and let the regen braking system stuff as much energy back into the battery as possible.