[FKHeath]

The front and rear bumper covers are plastic. I also believe the front fenders are plastic. You can tell the different materials by tapping on them with you knuckles. All three types sound different: steel, aluminum, and plastic.
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[FKHeath]

In the YouTube body repair videos and Reddit Rav4 Club collision photos they look like crumpled metal--so aluminum. There are never any loose strands as if they were fiberglass. If they were ABS or some other kind of hard plastic I doubt they would bend and crumple...they would be more likely to show cracking or clean breaks.

Yes, they must be aluminum. If you open the hood, you can see some of the edges of the fenders; too thin to be ABS.