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I agree that the front brake's rotors may be warped and so be the problem. I would get a micrometer and check the thickness at several points on each rotor. The Toyota Rav4 specification from the factory service manual is:

standard thickness:18.0mm (0.709in.)
minimum thickness: 16.0mm (0.630in.)

If there is a lot of difference from one point on one rotor to another point on the same rotor, or if the minimum thickness has not been met, then this could be the cause of the pulsing. As others point out, replacing the rotors is not difficult. If you have a salvage yard nearby, consider practicing there first.

If your Rav's brake fluid is more than a couple years old, and before changing the front brakes' pads or rear brakes' shoes, then I would first flush the brake system. When compressing the front brakes' piston with dirty brake fluid, crud can be forced back to the master cylinder and damage the fine seals in the master cylinder. For ABS brake systems, the concern is similar.

When you changed the front brakes' pads, did you grease the four caliper pins (two per caliper) with a red rubber grease designed for the brake pins and their rubber boots, then torque the pins' outermost bolts to 20 ft-lbs each?

Like demoder says, torquing evenly is important. Clean off the mating surfaces of the rim and hub with a rag. Then I do two rounds of torquing on my Rav's lugnuts, proceeding bicycle spoke fashion: First a good snug up on all bolts. Then the final torque to 76 ft-lbs.

General comments:
When installing new front brake pads, I have always removed a bit of fluid from the master cylinder and then compressed the piston in the caliper with a C-clamp or using a puller whose legs have been removed. Then I do not have to bleed the brakes.

I use CRC Synthetic Brake Grease on the front pads' shims. For the pins with the rubber boots, I use red rubber grease that is specified for brake pins.

I like the Toyota youtube video for rear brake shoes that eodgator links. Recently I did the rear brake shoes on my Rav4 and used Scotty Kilmer's short video for a brush-up on what to do:
Scotty uses a pair of large diagonal pliers at certain points. The latter made life a lot easier.

I also recently did the front brake pads on my Rav4. It is a breeze compared to the rear brakes. But once you have re-lined (that is, put new shoes on) rear drum brakes a few times, they are not so bad.

I use only OEM pads and shoes. I could be wrong but I think they are more likely to maximize the life of rotors and drums and yield less brake dust.
 
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